Answer:
Physiological reactions to stress in the alarm stage include: <em>increased heart rate and blood pressure, dilated pupils, rapid and shallow breath, and increased cortisol levels.</em>
Explanation:
Hans Seyle, a medical doctor proposed a model called the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to explain the effects and stages of coping with the stress. The GAS model has three stages, known as:
1. Alarm stage
2. Resistance stage
3. Exhaustion stage
The <em>alarm</em> stage is the first stage of responding to stress. During this stage, the fight-or-flight response is activated when an individual is experiencing stress. This stage involves the following physiological reactions:
1. Increased heart rate
2. Increased blood pressure
3. Dilated pupils
4. Rapid and shallow breath
5. Increased cortisol levels
The process likely to be occurring in the plant's roots will be nitrogen fixation.
<h3>What is nitrogen fixation?</h3>
It is a process whereby atmospheric nitrogen is converted to usable forms of nitrogen in the soil.
Nitrogen fixation takes place in the root nodules of leguminous plants in association with some symbiotic bacteria.
Thus, the only process that could be happening in the plant's root is nitrogen fixation.
More on nitrogen fixation can be found here: brainly.com/question/19938608
#SPJ1
