Aesop's Fables or the Aesopica is a collection of fables credited to Aesop, a slave and storyteller believed to have lived in ancient Greece between 620 and 564 BCE. Of diverse origins, the stories associated with his name have descended to modern times through a number of sources and continue to be reinterpreted in different verbal registers and in popular as well as artistic media.
The fables originally belonged to the oral tradition and were not collected for some three centuries after Aesop’s death. By that time a variety of other stories, jokes and proverbs were being ascribed to him, although some of that material was from sources earlier than him or came from beyond the Greek cultural sphere. The process of inclusion has continued until the present, with some of the fables unrecorded before the later Middle Ages and others arriving from outside Europe. The process is continuous and new stories are still being added to the Aesop corpus, even when they are demonstrably more recent work and sometimes from known authors.
Manuscripts in Latin and Greek were important avenues of transmission, although poetical treatments in European vernaculars eventually formed another. On the arrival of printing, collections of Aesop’s fables were among the earliest books in a variety of languages. Through the means of later collections, and translations or adaptations of them, Aesop’s reputation as a fabulist was transmitted throughout the world.
Initially the fables were addressed to adults and covered religious, social and political themes. They were also put to use as ethical guides and from the Renaissance onwards were particularly used for the education of children. Their ethical dimension was reinforced in the adult world through depiction in sculpture, painting and other illustrative means, as well as adaptation to drama and song. In addition, there have been reinterpretations of the meaning of fables and changes in emphasis over time
Alexander Macedon III, also known as Alexander the Great was a king, he was on a quest to spread the Greek culture and known as Hellenism, across his empire. The areas he had conquered were Persia, Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Bactria, and the Punjab; also in Egypt he founded the city of Alexandria. His greatest conquests and actions have had an affect on the Mediterranean.
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The most significant discovery of
the route of the sea to India by the Portuguese around 1500. Usually it was a
gradual period of changes. The most important change may have been the shift of
a major part of the "Oriental" trade from Constantinople to Venice.
Pros of globalization:
-It can increase trading ,and the developing countries would have an greater access to market overseas,hence the more developed countries would be able to enjoy cheaper goods while the developing countries would be able to buy goods with higher quality.
-It promote cultural intermingling and countries would be able to learning more about other cultures, thus building up mutual respect to each other. This is likely to lower the possibility of discrimination and divergence between people. It would also promote initiatives to create new ideas and products.
Cons
-There would be a loss of cultural divergence,which is important to building one's cultural identity as well as self-identity.
-It could potentially widen the poverty gap. Large multinational corporations are likely to dominate the market thus threatening the opportunities for local corporations or smaller brands survival.
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