The correct answer of the given question above would be option C. METAPHOR. The given sentence above from "Self-Reliance", the type of figurative language used is metaphor. A metaphor is a figurative language that compares two different things. In this sentence, society and joint-stock company are being compared. Hope this answer helps.
        
             
        
        
        
Rising action is when an event starts the plot moving foward.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
This poem contains an extended metaphor.
This poem is a tribute to a small bird.
This poem compares a feeling to an animal.
Explanation:
The poem is an extended metaphor. The whole poem is about hope being a "thing with feathers". 
The poem pays tribute to this small bird. It even says: "little bird" and how it never "asked a crumb of me." Meaning how is it that this bird never asks anything in return. 
The poem compares a feeling to an animal. Feeling: hope. Animal: bird.