-3x^2+10x-3
This is of the form ax^2+bx+c. We need to find two values, j and k, such that:
jk=ac=9 and j+k=b=10, so j and k must be 1 and 9.
Now replace bx with jx and kx in the original equation...
-3x^2+x+9x-3 now factor 1st and 2nd pair of terms
-x(3x-1)+3(3x-1)
(-x+3)(3x-1) or equivalently...
-(x-3)(3x-1) or as they put it:
-(3x-1)(x-3)
3087810 is 15f+5g+45 in standard form
Because you have to go in the order of PEMDAS, parenthesis, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction. From what you are saying, 'why you must simplify 3 to the second power first' it seems that you have no parenthesis, so you move onto what is next, which is exponents, in this case, 3 to the power of two.