Answer:
The answer is the 3rd option.
Answer: industrialists
In the late 19th century and early 20th century, businesses used pools and holding companies to increase their profits and eliminate their competition. This was done through the creation of a monopoly (a business controlling the majority of all the market for a good or service). Since "industralist" is a tern thats defined as a person involved in the ownership and management of industry, then it can be inferred that they were the people who benefited of the use of pools and holding companies.
Geography had an important role in the spread of Reformation ideals, since this movement began in the center of Europe, which was very dense and therefore meant that ideas spread quickly.
