Answer:
Enzymes' shapes are important because it determines the specific substrate it will act onto.
Explanation:
The shape of the enzymes are explained by two theories, which are Lock and Key Theory and Induced Fit Theory.
<h3>Lock and Key Theory </h3>
This was first coined by <em>Emil Fischer in 1894</em>. Just like how a key has a specific keyhole, <u>enzymes' active sites are supposed to act on specific substrates to produce a catalyzed effect</u>. Incorrectly shaped keys or enzymes will not fit into a lock (substrate) not assigned for it.
<h3>
Induced Fit Theory</h3>
this theory was proposed for the substrates that do not qualify for the Lock-and-Key theory, or <u>enzymes that have more than one active sites</u>. It is said that the <u>substrate determines the final shape of the enzyme</u>, and that the<u> enzyme is somehow pliable</u>. The enzyme is then modified by the substrate to form an enzyme-substrate complex. This explains why two or more enzymes can catalyze a single substrate.
<h3>Additional notes:</h3>
For enzymes to work, they may need specific molecules.
A coenzyme may be <u>metal ions (iron, copper, magnesium)</u> or <u>organic molecules (Vitamins B2, B3, B8)</u> which attach to an enzyme to form a holoenzyme. An apoenzyme is an enzyme with only its protein part sans the cofactor.
Answer:
organelles
Explanation:
Cells also contain the body's hereditary material and can make copies of themselves. Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell.
Answer:
Taking into account photosynthesis, the evidence that best supports the law of energy conservation is energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and becomes chemical energy during photosynthesis (option 2).
Explanation:
Plants are autotrophic organisms, characterized by synthesizing their own nutrients by converting solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
During the process of photosynthesis, chloroplasts are capable of absorbing solar energy and converting it into glucose. This process involves the conversion of one type of energy into another.
With respect to the law of conservation of energy, it is necessary to consider:
- In the universe there is a constant amount of matter and energy, which is neither created nor destroyed, but transformed.
- Energy in an isolated system does not vary, unless it comes into contact with another system.
- The amount of energy that is absorbed and obtained is equivalent.
In photosynthesis, the chloroplast is not an isolated system, but has contact with the outside and is capable of absorbing the energy of the sun. This energy will be used to obtain a product, glucose, in an amount proportional to the amount of energy absorbed.
Regarding other options:
<em> 1. In photosynthesis, it is not </em><u><em>mechanical energy</em></u><em> that is transformed into chemical energy.</em>
<em> 3. </em><u><em>Oxygen is a product of photosynthesis</em></u><em>, during the process of chemical energy synthesis, from the combination of carbon dioxide, water and solar energy.</em>
<em> 4. It is true that the </em><u><em>sun gives off light energy that is absorbed by plants</em></u><em>, but it does not explain how this energy is transformed into chemical energy.</em>
The nucleus directs all activities that happen within the cell and contains the cell genetic material (DNA).<span> The nucleus gives the signal to the cell to grow, divide and/or make proteins. </span>
Answer:
The given statements have been rearranged in the following order to depict the flow of events that account for lipid digestion in the human body:
- Mechanical digestion by chewing breaks food down.
- During digestion, gastric lipases break down fat into fatty acids and triglyceride molecules.
- Gastric lipase digests some triglycerides.
- The pancreas secretes gastric lipase into the small intestine, where the majority of fat digestion occurs.
- Lipid digesting enzymes from the pancreas break down the triglycerides into two free fatty acids and a monoglyceride.
- Lingual lipase is secreted from the pancreas and breaks down triglycerides.
- With the aid of pancreatic lipase, fats are further broken down into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
- Products of fat digestion are packaged into micelles and transported to the enterocytes.
The process is started in the mouth. Action of the teeth physically breaks down the food and increases it surface area that allows for better access to it for the enzymes to carry out mechanical digestion. Gastric lipases are those in the stomach, most of the lipid digestion takes place in the small intestine with the help of enzymes secreted by the pancreas and the small intestine itself. After digestion, the final products are taken up by the lymphatic system.
Hope that answers the question, have a great day!
