Answer:
The product of glycolysis is two molecules of pyruvate. It is a three-carbon compound. This pyruvate again undergoes oxidation in the cytoplasm. This process is called pyruvate oxidation which produces Acetyl CoA. The Acetyl CoA is a two-carbon molecule.
Acetyl CoA again used for the citric acid cycle. This is also called as Kreb's cycle / TCA cycle. Because citric acid has 3 carboxylic groups. The acetyl coenzyme produces NADH, FADH2, ATP. The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondrial membrane. This is an 8 step process. The first product is citric acid. The other products of each step are isocitrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinyl CoA, succinate, Fumarate, L - malate, and Oxaloacetate (OAA).
Another process of aerobic respiration is the electron transport chain ( ETS). Here the energy stored in NADH, FADH2 in the citric acid cycle are utilized. It is a chain of electron carriers. ETS occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
In short, the glucose splits by glycolysis and produces ATP, NADPH, and final product pyruvate. The pyruvate is oxidized and forms acetyle coenzyme. This is used in the TCA / citric acid cycle. In this process also NADH, FADH2 which forms electrons are produced. Theses electrons are carried by different electron carriers and accepted by oxygen.
In the process of pyruvate oxidation 6 ATP, and in Kreb's cycle 18 ATPs, in ETS, 4 ATPs are produced. In addition to this in glycolysis produces 4 ATPs. The total number of ATP in aerobic respiration is 32 ATP.
Answer:
1. Intraspecific
2. speciation
3. fossil record
4. The fossil record provides empirical evidence for evolution because it shows that species now aren't the same as species that existed in the past and that small changes happen over time to create new species.
5. A geographic variation in the fossil record occurs when two similar organisms occupy the same time span in two different places. These organisms hold the same purpose within the overall ecology.
6. A more detailed fossil record is preferable for supporting evolution because it allows for the instances of gradual change to be recorded and placed into broader speciation events.
7. Fossils provide a great many intermediaries that connect past species with their living descendants.
8. Intraspecific competition is competition that occurs within species. This is the competition that drives natural selection.
Explanation:
penn foster
A chemical bond to form in a chemical compound must be formed by two or more atoms attracted to one another.
Answer:
Community, also called biological community, in biology, an interacting group of various species in a common location. For example, a forest of trees and undergrowth plants, inhabited by animals and rooted in soil containing bacteria and fungi, constitutes a biological community.
Explanation:
