Question

Match the two types of reforms introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev with their characteristics.

Answer 1

Perestroika :

allowed multiple candidates to stand for elections in the country

limited the communist government’s interference in business

Glasnost :

encouraged government transparency

lessened censorship

allowed criticism of Soviet officials

in Plato

Answer 2

1) The main thing about perestroika that you should know is that its major goal was to reconstruct the political and economic system  which were established by the Communist Party, therefore all the changes that perestroika included are: 
encouraged government transparency;
allowed multiple candidates to standfor elections in the country.
2) Glasnost is a policy that means 'openness'. More freedom for people, so that people could set up their own business without a threat of communist parties that would keep track of their success. People also became allowed to express their opinion towards everything, including government, therefore: 
 limited the communist government’s
interference in business

allowed criticism of Soviet officials

lessened censorship