The Hawaiian Islands are formed on a region of intra plate volcanic activity on the Pacific plate. This region is known as a hot spot. Scientists are not exactly sure what causes this but they do know that a plume of magma rises through the mantle and forces it's way through the crust to form submarine volcanoes and over time volcanic islands.
The magma that rises here originates from the mantle and not crustal melt and so forms basic or basaltic lava.
Compact: closely and neatly packed together; dense
Prorupted: an extension that protrudes from the main territory. Thailand is an example of a prorupted state.
Elongated: Something that's elongated is stretched out, or extended so that it's longer than usual. Some painters, like El Greco, are known for their strange, elongated figures.
Fragmented: an adjective that describes things that have been reduced or divided into fragments—pieces that have been broken off of or detached from the whole. The related adjective fragmentary means something different: consisting of or reduced to fragments—disconnected or incomplete, as in fragmentary evidence.
Perforated: pierced with a hole or holes
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