Answer:
Commensalism only occur among biotic factors
Explanation:
Abiotic factors are non-living factors that interacts with the biotic factor within an ecosystem. Commensalism is an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm.
From the above definition of commensalism, it is clear to note that it only involves two organisms rather than non-living organisms, hence; commensalism involves only biotic factors
A. Nonnative species that are superior competitors
They are semi-permeable because they can diffuse and pass through the plasma membrane easily.
A nucleotide or a nucleic acid either one :)
