Answer:
response to stimuli / tropism
Explanation:
The plants and animals always respond to stimuli. It is an innate character of all living things. When a bright light falls on the eye, it closes immediately. This is responding to the stimuli. When someone touches the leaves of touch-me-not plants it closes its leaves due to the external stimuli.
The plants respond to the light. Because it does photosynthesis in the presence of light. Therefore, the leaves and branches of the plants always bend towards the light. This process is called phototropism.
Similarly, the roots of the plants move towards gravity under the ground. This is called geotropism.
Besides phototropism and geotropism, other types of stimuli are there - hydrotropism(response to the water), chemotropism(response to certain chemicals).
That's why the plants growing on the windowsill move towards outside where light comes.
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Plant-like protists get there food from photosynthesis, which is the process of converting sunlight into energy.
The gastrointestinal wall is composed of four layers or tunics:
- Mucosa
- Submucosa
- Muscularis mucosa
- Serosa
The innermost tunic of the wall is known as the mucosa or mucous membrane layer. The digestive tract's lumen is lined with it. The mucosa comprises epithelium, a layer of lamina propria, a loose layer of connective tissue, and the muscularis mucosa, a thin layer of smooth muscle.
The mucosa is surrounded by a substantial layer of loose connective tissue known as the submucosa. Blood arteries, lymphatic vessels, and neurons are also present in this stratum. The adventitia is a connective tissue that makes up the digestive tract's outermost layer above the diaphragm. It is referred to as serosa below the diaphragm.
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Bacterial flagellum is composed of protein flagellum which looks like hollow tube. It passes through protein rings (basal body rings) in the cell's membrane that act as bearings. Flagellum is long, filamentous and it rotates via motor which is located on the inner cell membrane. The motor is powered by proton motive force (flow of protons through the membrane due to a concentration gradient).
