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Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Hello!
Regarding the reasons that traffic accidents occur:
28% are caused by distracted drivers using cell phones or texting
11% of the drivers' user their phones at any time
The probability of a driver having an accident is 5.26%
a)
DC = event that a randomly selected driver is using a cell phone.
P(DC)= 0.11
b)
TA = event that a randomly selected driver has a traffic accident.
P(TA)= 0.0526
c) and f)
If both events are related, i.e. dependent, then you would expect that the occurrence of one of these events will affect the probability of the other one. If they are not related, i.e. independent events, then their probabilities will not be affected by the occurrence of one or another:
If both events are independent P(TA|DC)= P(TA)
If they are dependent, then:
P(TA|DC)≠ P(TA)
P(TA|DC)= 0.28
P(TA)= 0.0526
As you can see the probability of the driver having an accident given that he was using the cell phone is different from the probability of the driver having an accident. This means that both events are related.
d) and e)
You have to calculate the probability that "the driver was distracted with the phone given that he had an accident", symbolically P(DC|TA)
P(DC|TA) =
⇒ P(DC∩TA)= P(TA|DC)*P(DC)= 0.28 * 0.11= 0.0308
P(DC|TA) =
I hope this helps!