Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court issued in 1896. It upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality – a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal".
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Plessy v. Ferguson, case in which the U.S. Supreme Court, on May 18, 1896, by a seven-to-one majority (one justice did not participate), advanced the controversial “separate but equal” doctrine for assessing the constitutionality of racial segregation laws.
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Despite having a basis in religious and ethnic intolerance, the way in that the Crusades increased cultural interaction between Europe and the Middle East was the following.
Beyond waging war during the Crusades, Europeans started to appeal for goods from Asia, India, and China. Muslim goods and art seemed to like European people and trade relationships started to be more common. The famous Silk Road served to connect European merchants with Asian merchants and the exchange of products and ideas through the Silk Road was an important part of trade history in those years.
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Philip was the self-proclaimed protector of the Roman Catholic Church. He sought to limit the spread of Protestantism, and he ultimately completed the work of unification begun by Ferdinand and Isabella (the “Catholic Monarchs”) in the Iberian Peninsula. Although during Philip's reign Spain was at the height of its power and influence, its wealth was illusory and soon to fall into rapid decline. Philip's excessive expenditure had made the economic foundations of Spain very fragile. This was added to by other factors such as plagues, bad harvests and population growth.
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Southern states enacted "black codes" that allowed African Americans certain rights, such as legalized marriage, ownership of property, and limited access to the courts, but denied them the rights to testify against whites, to serve on juries or in state militias
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Factory system, system of manufacturing that began in the 18th century and is based on the concentration of industry into specialized—and often large—establishments. The system arose in the course of the Industrial Revolution
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