The french revolution was a sucess
The dominant culture is (and also gets referred to as) "majority culture", that is the leading culture of the majority people in some place.
The "other", smaller culture is refereed to as:
-subculture
-subordinate culture
-non-dominant culture
-minority culture
Rule by a single leader with unrestrained power.
The nations debt was the most important cause, but another one would be the clergy to pay taxes.