A possible reason was the attacks on them by crusaders and mongols around the 11th and 12th centuries. Another reason could have been the Arab rulers removing taxes from non Muslims and doing other things that hurt there income.
He stopped the Muslim advance from Spain into France. was the impact did the Frankish leader Charles Martel have on Christian Europe's relations with Muslim Spain in the eighth century it took place in 732 at Poitiers.... Hope I could help
Answer:
the second one is the answer
Explanation:
