Answer:
Characteristics of level production include:
a. All of these answers are correct.
Explanation:
Production leveling was originated in Japan, and it is called production smoothing too, its strategic plan modifies inventory stock to keep a balanced production level for an specific period, to leveling by volume, or by product. This approach requires careful management of the orders so they can be predicted reasonably and accurately in terms of facility restraints, or to reduce the valueless added section of the production time, and to remove the waste of items in a row, to adapt getting throughput rates.
Answer: Option (A) is correct.
Explanation:
There are two terms in international economics; Trade creation and Trade diversion.
When some countries engaged in a particular economic integration then they have to agree upon various tariff rates. Trade diversion means that an economic integration or a free trade area diverts the trade from the most productive or efficient producer outside the economic integration towards the less productive or efficient producer inside the free trade area.
Types of economic integration:
(1) Preferential trade agreement
(2) Free trade agreement
(3) Custom unions
(4) Common Market
(5) Economic Union
Answer:
a-The net present value in dollars is 494939.0687.
b-1-The required return on franc flows is 11.72%.
b-2-The net present value in Francs is 519686.02.
b-3-The NPV in dollars as calculated from NPV in Francs is $494939.07
Explanation:
a
In order to find the solution, firstly the exchange rate for the 5 years is calculated. It is calculated using the formula:
Here
- EER is the expected exchange rate which is to be calculated
- CER is the current exchange rate which is 1.05
- GRD is the going rate of dollars which is 6% or 0.06
- GRF is the going rate of Francs which is 4% or 0.04
- t is the time in years.
From this exchange rate, the PV factor is calculated which is than used to find the present value and similarly net present value in total. The solution is provided in the attached Excel Sheet.
The net present value in dollars is 494939.07
b-1
The required rate on the Franc return is given as:
Here
- FRR is the franc return rate which is to be calculated
- DR is the dollar rate which is 14% or 0.14
- GRD is the going rate of dollar which is 6% or 0.06
- GRF is the going rate of Franc which is 4% or 0.04
So the value becomes:
The required return on franc flows is 11.72%.
b-2
Similar to part a, the solution is found for the return rate of 11.72 and the exchange rate is not required. The values are as indicated in the excel sheet attached.
The net present value in Francs is 519686.02.
b-3
In order to convert the Franc NPV to dollars, the exchange rate of 1.05SF is used which gives
Here
- NPV_dollars is the value of NPV which is to be calculated.
- NPV_francs is the value of NPV calculated in previous step which is 510686.02.
- ER is the exchange rate whose value is 1.05
So the equation becomes:
The NPV in dollars as calculated from NPV in Francs is $494939.07
Identity management is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in a system (such as a country, a network, or an enterprise) and controlling their access to resources within that system by associating user rights and restrictions with the established identity.
Explanation:
Identity Management (ID Management) is also an organisational method to define, authenticate and authorise individuals or groups of people by connecting permission and restrictions with existing identities to access software, systems or networks.
IDM applications come under underlying IT and data processing parasols.
The IdM addresses topics about how people obtain an identification, the responsibilities and, at times, the rights given by an identification, and the tools that help secure that identity.
Answer and Explanation:
The Perfect competition is a market condition in which there are very large number of buyers and sellers that sell the same or identical products having perfect knowledge with respect to products and services. Moreover, there is free entry and exit in this market
Monopolistic competition is a market condition that deals with many firms that are closely related to each other but sell differentiated products. Moreover, there is free entry and exit in this market
In the monopoly market, there is only one seller who controls the overall market. Due to this, the seller charged the high price as there is no competition. There is no free entry and exit in this market
In the oligopoly market, there are few sellers who deal in a single market. There is no free entry and exit in this market
Based on the above explanation, the categorization is shown below:
<u>Scenario Number of Firms Type of Model</u>
<u> Product Market </u>
1. Many Differentiated product Monopolistic
2. Many Standardised products Perfect
Competition
3. Few Differentiated products Oligopoly
4. One Unique Monopoly