A. The speaker is saying that she and her peers should be allowed to handle the punishments for people like Hester Prynne. She thinks this because they would band together as a group and be all on the same page in their punishment, rather than leaving it up to the magistrate--whose punishment she does not think adequately fit the crime Hester committed.
Yes, I can 100% confirm the answer to the question is "Lizabeth recognizes that she has looked at only herself rather than at other people."
Hope this helps :)
If they do have different climates it is mostly because of either by being near a large body of water, mountain range, or ocean.
