The first quote by Hoover shows a great example of a fixed mindset. He see's that he has tried as hard as he can given the available resources, that there is nothing more to do than watch the situation play out.
The second quote by Franklin D. Roosevelt Is an example of a growth mindset. He decides to continue with what he started. There are no current options, so he will 'tie a knot' as in keep himself involved. He will hold on to hope and monitor the situation.
He was the 11th presudent of the United States.
Answer:
Maya
The Maya organized themselves into small city-states instead of one big empire. The largest was Tikal, which by 750 CE had about 40,000 inhabitants, in specialized occupations and ruled by elites.
Authorized by Congress, it was created to provide the new nation with a safer, more flexible, and a more stable monetary/financial system