Spanish is the dominant language
I believe that it most likely would be D.
Decline of church authority
The power to tax and spend for the defense and welfare of the United States, borrow money, regulate commerce with other nations and between the states, coin money, establish laws of naturalization (how people become citizens) , punish counterfeiters of money and securities, establish post offices and roads, - Examples of Expressed Powers of The U.S. Congress (there is more way more examples I could give you if you want)
i would say A).Simon Bolivars death. because i believe he had something to do with the colonization of Latin america and when he died then people gained independence.
Hope this helps