Answer: decentralised powers among the different levels of government within the federal state.
Explanation:
A federal state is one in which there is constitutional division of powers among different levels of government vis -a-vis the federal, state, and local government. It is a government that brings together different group within the federal state. It is also a government that allows each unit to be autonomous and afford them the opportunity to develop at their own pace. This system of government brings government closer to the people and it increases their sense of belonging and participation in the government. It is a kind of government in which it is not possible to amend the constitution in order to satisfy the wish of a few wealthy and influential individuals in the country.
The only option that is not generally a reason why historians study societal change would be "<span>d. to estimate how long it would take to build a road system," since this requires a separate type of research. </span>
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The conventions came into being after 1830 are:Colored conventions- which are series of convention held in national and regional level after the american civil war. it was attended by politician, businessman, religious leaders, writers and publishers.
Virginia Constitutional Convention
National Negro Convention Movement
Hope this helps.