Nearly 3 billion additional urban dwellers are forecaster by 2050, an unprecedented wave of urban growth. While cities struggle to provide water to these new residents, they will also face equally unprecedented hydrologic changes due to global climate change. Here we use a detailed hydrologic model, demographic projections, and climate change scenarios to estimate per-capita water availability for major cities in the developing world, where urban growth is the fastest. We estimate the amount of water physically available near cities and do not account for problems with adequate water delivery or quality. Modeled results show that currently 150 million people live in cities with perennial water shortage, defined as having less than 100 L per person per day of sustainable surface and groundwater flow within their urban extent. By 2050, demographic growth will increase this figure to almost 1 billion people. Climate change will cause water shortage for an additional 100 million urbanites. Freshwater ecosystems in river basins with large populations of urbanites with insufficient water will likely experience flows insufficient to maintain ecological process. Freshwater fish populations will likely be impacted, an issue of special importance in regions such as India's Western Ghats, where there is both rapid urbanization and high levels of fish endemism. Cities in certain regions will struggle to find enough water for the needs of their residents and will need significant investment if they are to secure adequate water supplies and safeguard functioning freshwater ecosystems for future generations.Explanation:
<span>- Demand for buffalo hides increased in the East. The increase of demand is caused by the development of buffalo-related entertainment during that time (such as rodeo)
- Open ranges where buffalo grazed were destroyed by settlements. And the buffalo do not possess the ability to adapt to the unfamiliar environment.</span>
Split-half testing measures reliability. In split-half reliability, a test for a single knowledge area is split into two parts and then both parts given to one group of students at the same time. The scores from both parts of the test are correlated. This is what the researcher did.
Dr. Moser, a clinical psychologist, believes that abnormality is the result of problems in living. Dr. Moser would most likely refer to those who seek her help as clients.
A client is an individual who consults the services of a professional in a field. Those who consult Dr. Moser are his clients.
