10) <span>The Battle of Tours determined that Europe would be under Christian influence rather than Muslim.
11) </span><span>The printing press allowed information and ideas to be widely and expensively distributed.</span>
At the peak of the Roman Empire's reach, around A.D. 117, the Empire stretched as far north as modern Scotland, stretched down through Europe east into Asia as far as the border between modern day Iraq and Iran, with its southern reaches extending into northern Africa.
Advantages: Primary sources directly address your topic and often provide information that is unavailable elsewhere. For example, the questions you compose for an interview or a survey will likely target your unique interest in the topic. Similarly, to test a particular hypothesis, you can design your own experiment.
Disadvantages: Some primary sources, such as eyewitness accounts, may be too close to the subject, lacking a critical distance. Others, such as interviews, surveys, and experiments, are time consuming to prepare, administer, and analyze. Finally, unless you have been trained in accepted methodologies, your own primary research in certain fields of study may not be recognized as valid.
He worked on the telescope by improveing it and he studied astronomy