Answer: Option A and D.
Soups chemical synaptic transmission.
Sparks direct electrical transmission.
Explanation:
Intercellular communication refers to the communication and interaction that exists between two cells in the body. It could be hormonal or synaptic transmission.
Synapse is the site where electric nerve impulses are transmitted between two nerve impulses.
There are two synapse possibilities which are electrical and chemical.
The Sparks and soups mean that the scientific discovery over the transmission of nerve impulses as to whether they are electrical impulses (Sparks) or chemical impulses(soup).
Chemical synaptic transmission means there is no physical touch in the space chemical are released and move to the neighbouring cells.
Electrical transmission means neuron physically touch and give way for flow of impulses between cells.
The answer is <span>0.132606 amu.</span>
The mass defect (Δm) is the total mass of protons and neutrons minus the mass of the atom.
<span>mass of an oxygen-16 atom: 15.994914 amu
mass of a proton: 1.00728 amu
mass of a neutron: 1.00866 amu
</span>
An oxygen atom has 8 protons and 8 neutrons. Therefore:
Δm = 8 · 1.00728 + 8 · 1.00866 - <span>15.994914 = 8.05824 + 8.06928 - 15.994914 = 0.132606 amu
</span>
According to a new study, spider's fangs are considered to be natural needles that they use for piercing the skeletons of prey and delivering the kiss of a venom. The fangs can also be used as a defense mechanism towards their predator or towards humans.
On the other hand, the crustacean's claws, like the crab claws can be used for protection, as well as for communication, excavating burrows, attracting mates and gathering food.
While the centipedes use their claw to grab their prey and inject venom to kill it or to protect itself from being harmed.
Considering these definitions, we can say the Gerri and Alana are both correct since the spider uses its fangs to inject venom like the centipede and to protect itself like the crustaceans.
Answer and Explanation:
a. Why would such a heat-stable polymerase be beneficial in PCR?
- Because in PCR, DNA is heated up 95 °C to denature DNA (see first figure)
b. What would happen if it weren’t heat stable?
- If it weren't heat stable we had to add it in every PCR cycle and please note that PCR can take 20 to 35 cycles. Imagine being researcher that you need to open 20 small tubes every 5 minutes and add polymerase enzyme into these tubes for 20 to 35 times. It is very labor intensive and Taq polymerase relives the researchers from this work.
c. How might you choose a region of DNA for a PCR primer so as to increase the temperature necessary for primer annealing (to minimize nonspecific PCR products)?
- You need to calculate melting temperature (Tm) of your primers and use the calculated values to prevent non specific bindings. Primers usually binds non-specifically if the low annealing temperature is used (lower than 5 °C of your Tm value)
d. A PCR reaction begins with 5 double stranded segment of DNA. Estimate the number of double-stranded copies of DNA that are present after the completion of 15 amplification cycles?
In every amplification cycle copies of DNA are doubled. So the answer is 5 x 2^15.
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Most mollusks have an open circulatory system but cephalopods (squids, octopus) have a closed circulatory system.
