The reaction of which Missy has experience that is a severe
and life threatening allergic reaction due to penicillin is anaphylactic reaction,
it could be classified as the a serious and life threatening in terms of having
allergic reaction for if not treated immediately, it could cause death to the
individual who has experience this reaction. This could be triggered from
either medications, food in which an individual has consumed and insect stings
such as from bees. Missy’s allergic reaction must have triggered because of the
penicillin that she has consumed where in, she does not know that she is
allergic to the medication, having her to experience a life threatening
allergic reaction to the penicillin.
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is considered a cellular correlate of learning and memory. The presence of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channels near excitatory synapses on dendritic spines suggests their possible involvement in synaptic plasticity. However, whether activity-dependent regulation of channels affects excitatory synaptic plasticity is unknown. In a companion article we have reported activity-dependent regulation of GIRK channel density in cultured hippocampal neurons that requires activity oF receptors (NMDAR) and protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) and takes place within 15 min. In this study, we performed whole-cell recordings of cultured hippocampal neurons and found that NMDAR activation increases basal GIRK current and GIRK channel activation mediated by adenosine A(1) receptors, but not GABA(B) receptors. Given the similar involvement of NMDARs, adenosine receptors, and PP1 in depotentiation of LTP caused by low-frequency stimulation that immediately follows LTP-inducing high-frequency stimulation, we wondered whether NMDAR-induced increase in GIRK channel surface density and current may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying this specific depotentiation. Remarkably, GIRK2 null mutation or GIRK channel blockade abolishes depotentiation of LTP, demonstrating that GIRK channels are critical for depotentiation, one form of excitatory synaptic plasticity.
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Bacteria
In the process of the nitrogen cycle. <span>
The nitrogen cycle is a biogeochemical succession process of nitrogen that involves: fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification. Like any other biogeochemical cycles. This process undergoes and affects the biological, geometrical and chemical aspects in the ecosystem and the abiotic and biotic community. Hence, the nitrogen cycle leads the abiotic component –nitrogen- to contribute to the biotic community, decomposition and primal production. Further, it becomes an essential part of the environment because some life components are contains it, similarly, amino acids, nucleic acids in RNA and DNA. </span>
