In the 1930's Japan went to war with China. The United States supported China and placed a trade embargo on Japan so they couldn't get any supplies from the United States, particularly oil that might fuel Japan's military conquests.<span />
I think the first one is "paper assets" and the second one "derivates". I'm not 100% sure though.
B.homeowners' association dues
Hector is the answer.
hope it helps!