The colonial boundaries created countries where they did not exist, separated tribal groups in many cases, and often brought
Between 1881 and 1911, the entire African continent (with few exceptions) was conquered by seven European countries. The indigenous peoples found themselves integrated into the political and economic structures created by the European colonizers, finding themselves subjected to them.
The elites of indigenous peoples (such as tribal leaders) enjoyed some advantages, such as some social positions, but Africans were generally excluded from political decisions. Finally, colonialism led to an impoverishment also in cultural terms, as well as an impossibility of political independence of the territory.
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Answer:
C: They feared war would cost lives and hurt American business in Europe.
Explanation:
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Marcus Garvey advocated for economic independence for blacks, and ultimately he argued for black nationalism.
Marcus Garvey (1887-1940) founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) in 1914. He promoted blacks taking power into their own hands, becoming their own business owners rather than dealing with unfairness at the hands of white employers. He himself opened a restaurant, started a newspaper, and established the Black Star Line, which was the first black-owned shipping company in the US. "Garveyism" meant black people establishing business and commerce enterprises for blacks as a way of achieving economic independence and success. In "The Negro's Greatest Enemy," published in 1923, Garvey argued that Negroes were their own worst enemy and needed to take control of their own futures. He was one of the early figures in what became the black nationalism movement.
