I cannot find the propositions, so I just define what an alpha particle is:
Alpha particles (or alpha rays) are a form of radiation emitted by unstable nuclei of great atomic mass (alpha decay). They consist of two protons and two neutrons combined into a particle identical to the helium nucleus, so they can be written 4He2+ (or 4α2+). (the nuclei will lose 2 positive charges and 4 atomic masses)
Unlike other particles, a Beta particle is the emission of an electron (or a position), and gamma rays (not a particle) is the emission of a ray photon very high energy light.
I hope this could help you with you answering the question.
A gene mutation impacts a single gene, while a chromosomal mutation impacts part of a chromosome, which contains many genes. The answer is a chromosomal mutation.
Dogs<span> understand us </span>better than chimps do<span>, scientists say. Canines </span>can<span> figure out what we're pointing at; our primate cousins </span>could<span> care less ... </span>Dogs<span> pick up on human cues </span>much<span> more easily than </span><span>chimpanzees do</span>
The chloroplasts would be unable to generate ATP
If the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) outside of the thylakoids were equal to the concentration of H+ inside the thylakoids, the chloroplasts would be unable to generate ATP
Explanation:
As the high-energy electron from the reactive center of the photosystem conveyed from one protein to another in the protein transport chain of the chloroplast, the energy harnessed from the electron is used to pump H+ ions into the thylakoid lumen against concentration gradient.
The proton motive force created by having a high concentration of H+ ion in the thylakoid lumen than outside is to enable the creation of potential energy that is tapped by ATP synthase to create ATPs in a process called photophosphorylation. The ATPs made in this light stage is used in the anabolic process of the dark stage to make glucose through the reduction of CO2
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For more on photophosphorylation check out;
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