Answer:
the results are published in a journal where studies are reviewed by other experts in the field.
Explanation:
the results are published in a journal where studies are reviewed by other experts in the field.
Answer:
Kupffer cells, also known as stellate macrophages due to their particular structure while viewed under a microscope, were first identified by scientist Karl Wilhelm von Kupffer, after whom the cells were named, in 1876.
These cells, whose origin is in the yolk sack during fetal development, later on move to the liver where they will stay and further differentiate into their mature versions.
These cells are part of the liver cells, and are found particularly on the walls of the sinusoids, where they perform their two most important tasks. First, these cells are part of the immune system, as they are essentially macrophages. However, their role is pretty unique, as they are responsible not just for phagocytosis of invading bacteria, and other pathogens, and initiating immune responses, but also, this cell plays a role in decomposing red blood cells who are dying, and taking up the hemoglobin from them to further break that into reusable globin, and the heme group, from which iron is further extracted to be re-used and also to create bilirrubin, a part of bile.
Finally, these cells have been found to be connected to hepatic cirrhosis, as in their process of detoxifying ethanol, they produce toxins that force the liver cells to produce collagen, and thus to become fibrous.
Urinary strictures
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) can be harmful to patients who have a urinary tract obstruction or bladder wall weakness. The medication has the ability to contract the bladder, causing pressure to build up in the urinary tract. In these patients, an increase in urinary tract pressure could cause the bladder to rupture.
What is Urinary retention?
- The inability to completely empty the bladder is referred to as urinary retention. The onset can be abrupt or gradual.
- Symptoms of sudden onset include inability to urinate and lower abdominal pain.
- When symptoms appear gradually, they may include loss of bladder control, mild lower abdominal pain, and a weak urine stream.
- If there is an obstruction or stricture (narrowing) in or around the bladder, or if the muscles in or around the bladder are weak, urine may be retained. Urinary retention can also be caused by certain types and locations of tumors, certain medications, being dehydrated, or having constipation.
To learn more about urinary retention from the given link
brainly.com/question/20681879
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Answer:
Is characteristic of Diabetes.
Explanation:
Diabetes is a disorder in which blood sugar increases due to the fact that there is mechanism by which sugar enters the cell is somehow affected.
There are different types of this disorder, the most common ones are the following,
1. Diabetes type 1, is an autoimmune disorder in which the cells that are in charge of producing insulin are destroyed, as a consequence there is not enough insulin (responsible for allowing the glucose channels to open and transport glucose into the cell). Therefore, sugar remains in blood circulation. When glucose levels are too high, it starts filtering through the kidneys and ends up in the urine.
2. Diabetes type 2, is triggered by different factors, there are genetic and environmental factors that trigger this disease. In this case, cells are 'resistant' to the insulin effect, so the body reacts by secreting more insulin. As a consequence, cells in charge of secreting insulin are overworked and at the same time, the body cells keep on increasing the resistance to insulin. There is a point in which this compensation fails to work, and blood sugar rises. When the levels become high, glucose starts filtering through the kidneys and ends up in the urine.
There are more types of diabetes, such as gestational diabetes or LADA. In this cases the cause of the disease varies, but the outcome is the same, increased blood glucose levels and presence of glucose in the urine.
I’m pretty sure you can google them lol
