Answer:
thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable.
Explanation:
The complete question is as follows:
Under physiological conditions, peptide bond formation and degradation both require enzymes, but only formation requires coupling to GTP hydrolysis. Based on this information, peptide bonds under physiological conditions are:
A. both thermodynamically and kinetically stable.
B.thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable.
C.thermodynamically stable but kinetically unstable.
D. both thermodynamically and kinetically unstable.
- The term thermodynamically unstable refers to the fact that the peptide bonds are prone to breakage under physiological conditions.
- The reason why one can conclude the thermodynamic instability of the peptide bonds under physiological condition is that there is a need for a source of energy i.e. GTP hydrolysis for the formation of the peptide bond.
- The fact that the breakage of peptide does not require any input of energy but the only formation does confirms the fact that under physiological conditions they are thermodynamically unstable.
- Even though they are thermodynamically unstable, they are kinetically stable because both the formation and degradation require enzymes.
- The function of enzymes is to decrease the activation energy and hence, increase the rate of reaction. This means that if the enzymes are absent the rate of breakage of peptide bonds would be really slow this points out to the fact that they are kinetically stable under physiological conditions.
It would depend.
The weather might be different form mine. I can give you the four main types of clouds there are to help you identify them.
Cirrus clouds are wispy, feather like clouds. They are higher than the other types of clouds.
Stratus clouds are low level clouds that are light gray. They might cause fog.
Cumulus clouds are puffy, white clouds.
Cumulonimbus could are very tall clouds that produce T-Storms. They are a very dark gray.
There are other types of clouds, but these were the four I learned.
Answer:True
Explanation:the electron transport chain can be considered to be an aerobic pathway because it utilizes free oxygen as its final electron acceptor. These free oxygen is liberated by intermediate glucose molecules.
Answer:
"My nutritionist measures energy content of food by using a bomb calorimeter."
Explanation
Animals humans included eat food in order to get chemical energy through cellular respiration either aerobically or anaerobically.
Therefore, food energy is the amount of chemical energy that can be derived from food.
Food energy can be measured using a bomb calorimeter and the unit of measurement is calories.
So when the client made the statement and mentioned energy content in food being measured by a calorimeter, it shows the client had an understanding on how energy in food is measured.
Answer: both are made up of lipid bilayers. Main functions of both membranes are protection and transportation. Both are extremely important for the cell survival.
Hope this helps!
have a nice day!
