In 1898, the Spanish- American came into action and the use of naval base at pearl harbor during the war convinced Congress to approve formal annexation, so therefore two years later, Hawaii was named as one of the US's formal territory and at 1959 it became the 50th state of US.
The mandate of heaven is the thing that Chinese emperors claim was given to them by their deities. A ruler earns it from the previous emperor when he retires, or when he dies. It could be lost when another dynasty takes over and takes the mandate of heaven.
For the answer to the question above, I believe the answer is <u><em>to</em></u><span><u><em> reduce the chances that the importing country will set up trade barriers</em></u></span>.I hope this helped you. Have a nice day!