Based on the excerpt of the student's speech, it can be said that the rhetorical device being used is "Ethos". The excerpt is trying to make an appeal to ethics. The speaker is trying to establish his credibility by making enumeration of what he has done and what he can do.He is trying to convince the audience of his character and his capability.
I would say warriors as common noun refers to a concept to a particular individual .
Symbol is a object representing something while a theme is a central idea integrated throughout the work
The theme that is supported by the excerpt is that people should indulge their curiosities. From the excerpt, we can infer that Odysseus’s curiosity about the Cyclops is much stronger than this good judgment. It is because Odysseus wanted to see whether the Cyclops had anything to give to him and to his men or not.