The Renaissance is a period in European civilization immediately after the Middle Ages (dark ages) characterised by a rise in interests in classical scholarships and values.
The Renaissance period also discovered the discovery and exploration of new continents, replacement of the Copernican system of astronomy with the Ptolemaic system, a decline of feudal systems of government and rise of commerce, invention and use of powerful innovations as printing, paper, marine compass and gunpowder.
To the scholars and thinkers, it was time for the revival of classical learning after the stagnation of culture in social, political and intellectual transformation.
Coal fueled the machines that were huge parts of the industrial revolution. It was also abundant and easy to find, so it was used a lot. You could probably also trade coal for a good price, considering how important it was to manufacturing companies at the time.
The best and most correct answer among the choices provided by your question is the fourth choice or letter D.
The information that best completes the chart, under the Byzantine Empire, is the "<span>Greek language and culture."</span>
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To help end the war and hopefully sustain peace through the fighting countries