Answer:
The answer is below
Explanation:
Z score is a score used in mathematics to determine by how many standard deviations the raw score is above or below the mean. The z score is given by:

The area under the curve is dependent on the z score. The higher the z score, the higher the area under curve and the lower the z score, the lower the area under curve.
a) The area under curve (z score) is inversely proportional to the standard deviation. If the standard deviation is increased, the z score decreases thereby reducing the area under the curve.
b) If the standard deviation is decreased, the z score increases thereby increasing the area under the curve.
I think its to late to answer this
Answer: Bernstein is pointing out that a close collaborator of Marx also recognized the changing
Explanation:
It’s most likely that Jayne is suffering from PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder)