Answer:
lichen
Explanation:
Common examples of pioneer species include bacteria, lichen, mosses, and fungi.
Answer:
Renal capsule.
Explanation:
The renal capsule is known as a fibrous layer. That fibrous layer helps to cover the kidney in a layer of perirenal fat (known as the adipose capsule). The renal cortex is known as the outer part of the kidney where ultrafiltration occurs. It is present between the renal medulla and the renal capsule.
The renal capsule is important for the physiological function of the kidney in the human body. It helps to influence interstitial pressure and consistently tubular reabsorption of water and sodium.
1.each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy.
A scavenger is an organism that mostly consumes decaying biomass, such as meat or rotting plant material. Many scavengers are a type of carnivore, which is an organism that eats meat. While most carnivores hunt and kill their prey, scavengers usually consume animals that have either died of natural causes or been killed by another carnivore.
Scavengers are a part of the food web, a description of which organisms eat which other organisms in the wild. Organisms in the food web are grouped into trophic, or nutritional, levels. There are three trophic levels. Autotrophs, organisms that produce their own food, are the first trophic level. These include plants and algae. Herbivores, or organisms that consume plants and other autotrophs, are the second trophic level. Scavengers, other carnivores, and omnivores, organisms that consume both plants and animals, are the third trophic level.
Nitrogen is converted from atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into usable forms, such as NO2-, in a process known as fixation. The majority of nitrogen is fixed by bacteria, most of which are symbiotic with plants. Recently fixed ammonia is then converted to biologically useful forms by specialized bacteria.
