<span>One of the leading journals promoting the philosophy of the Era of Good Feelings was Niles Weekly Register, founded in 1811. Hezekiah Niles believed strongly in the American national purpose and his publication, supported entirely by subscriptions and carrying no advertising, was highly influential at the time. </span>
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Communism was first developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the mid-19th century.
I suggest you to go with first one a. there was heavy damage only within a mile of the bomb's impact. There're no closer description than that.
He learned of African gold when he served as a soldier.