The answer is the first one.
In "Writers often disavow the notion of a 'literary duty'" the author conveys a somewhat condescending attitude, as if they would always follow this and set aside anyone who said otherwise. This attitude says the author is looking down on them, and that the author believes that many authors do not meet their standards.
Another answer I would consider is "...writers ruined by their shrill commitments." However, there is no context or clear tone. The author could be mournful of the lost potential for all we know.
Once you’re past 18 you aren’t considered a juvenile anymore. Juvenile is under 18 (aka adult). If you change the age then they would already be adults by 21, hence should be charged as adults anyways.
Answer:
d. prosses
Explanation:
the correct form of spelling is process.
Bold-faced and italicized words help readers by focusing attention on important words and phrases.