The correct answer is A.
Gregor's mother has been prevented from seeing Gregor for some time. When she finally sees him on the wall, covering the photo of the woman in furs, she falls onto the sofa and faints from fear. She is terrified of his new appearance.
Im pretty sure it was Rene Descartes
Phase, in thermodynamics, chemically and physically uniform or homogeneous quantity of matter that can be separated mechanically from a non-homogeneous mixture and that may consist of a single substance or a mixture of substances
(hope this helps ^^)
A sound of thunder tho i am not very sure why this one