Answer: Clathrin cages assemble, vesicles form but cannot be pinched of but no disassembly occurs so the vesicles remain coated in clathrin.
Explanation:
Endocytosis is a cellular mechanism that allows the introduction of extracellular material into the cell. Clathrin-coated vesicles act to incorporate different molecules that are recognized by specific proteins located in the clathrin-coated pits. Upon invagination of a portion of the plasma membrane, the material is transported to its final intracellular destination.
<u>Clathrin is a protein that forms the lining of cell membrane microcavities where various receptors are located. Once a particle is recognized by the receptors, invagination of the plasma membrane occurs, which then fuses to form an endocellular vesicle.</u> When vesicle budding occurs, the vesicle is detached from its attachment to the membrane with the help of a GTPase protein called dynamin. Then, the vesicle is freed from clathrin by the action of a type of ATP-ase called Hsp70-ATP and docks to late endosomes that are immediate precursors of lysosomes, fusing the membranes of both. The fission of the clathrin-coated vesicle is controlled by the GTPase dynamin and it has been proposed that dynamin acts by generating the necessary force to strangle the "neck" and cleave the vesicles from the membrane. So they are mainly involved in the cleavage of newly formed vesicles from the membrane of one cell compartment, their orientation, and their fusion with another compartment. Also, without the dynamin, vesicles are not freed from clathrin.
<u>In the absence of dynamin, vesicles are formed but the membrane fusion or pinching off will not occur. Then, invaginated coated pits will be found.</u>
Hi the answer is circumstantial-situational drug use. Hope this helps.
It would be most important for Eric to find out his <em>zinc, iron and vitamin B12 (or riboflavin) levels, and ensure that he is obtaining adequate amounts of these vitamins and minerals through vegetarian sources </em>.
A vegetarian diet is typically low in zinc rich foods, since meat, shell fish and eggs are the most abundant sources of zinc. In order to ensure that he obtains sufficient zinc, Eric should make sure he consumes vegetarian zinc sources such as legumes, lentils, dairy, nuts and seeds on a daily basis.
Since iron and vitamin B12 are also difficult to obtain from vegetarian sources, Eric should consume iron rich foods such as spinach, kale, whole grains, broccoli, legumes,etc., on a daily basis. As for vitamin B12, daily supplementation of 2.4 μg is recommended for vegetarians. Alternatively, riboflavin fortified cereals and grains are also recommended to meet daily riboflavin requirements.
Answer:
Aerobic respiration is the aerobic catabolism of nutrients to carbon dioxide, water, and energy, and involves an electron transport system in which molecular oxygen is the final electron acceptor. The overall reaction is: C6H12O6 + 6O2 yields 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
Hope this helps.
Answer:
At 0hr it was 200 bacteria
At 1 hr it doubled and was 400
Means: at every 1 hr the population of the bacteria doubles
400 bacteria = 1hr
2000 bacteria = X
X = 2000 × 1 / 400
X = 5 hrs
