During photosynthesis, the energy used to pump protons comes from ______light_____, whereas in cellular respiration it comes from ______NADH/FADH₂_______.
<h3>What are the steps in photosynthesis?</h3>
- The first step in photosynthesis is the absorption of light by chlorophyll bound to chloroplast thylakoid proteins. The absorbed light energy is used to remove electrons from electron donors such as water to form oxygen.
- The electrons are then transferred to the primary electron acceptor, quinine (Q.). Electrons are further transferred from the primary electron acceptor to the final electron acceptor (usually NADP⁺).
- Proton transfer from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma via the F₀F₁ complex generates ATP from ADP and Pi.
- The NADP and ATP produced in steps 2 and 3 provide the energy, and the electrons power the process of reducing the carbon to a six-carbon sugar molecule.
The first three steps of photosynthesis, are directly dependent on light energy and are thus, called light reactions, while the reactions in the last step are independent of light and thus are termed dark reactions.
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Given what we know, we can confirm that the biome is in fact an open system due to the interactions between the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere.
<h3>What is the biome?</h3>
- The biome is the collection of air, soil, water, and all the organisms that reside within these ecosystems.
- In order to describe an open system, we say that the system must have external interactions.
- A biome is an open system because it has both internal and external interactions, such as with asteroids in space.
- The internal interactions include the ones between the<em><u> biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere.</u></em>
- A prime example is the movement of water through each of the spheres.
Therefore, since each part of the biome interacts with each other as well as with external sources such as space, we can confirm that it complies with the definition of an open system.
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Answer:
Anaerobic respiration does not need oxygen. It happens when there is not enough oxygen for aerobic respiration. ... 100m sprinters respire using anaerobic respiration in their race because their bodies do not take in enough oxygen during the race to carry out aerobic respiration.
Explanation:
Answer:
oxygen and glucose
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