Answer:
The correct answer is option c.
Explanation:
The variable costs are the cost incurred on the variable factors of production. The fixed costs are the costs incurred on the fixed factors.
In the short run, there are certain factors that are fixed and others that are variable. So in the short run, some costs are fixed and others are variable.
But in the long run, there is enough time for all the factors to be changed. So all the factors are variable and cost incurred on these variables is also variable.
So we can say that in the long run, there are no fixed costs.
Answer:
Jone Manufacturing
Total Overhead Variance = $2,000U.
Explanation:
Variance is the difference between budgeted and actual expense. It is favorable when the actual is less than the budgeted amount. It is unfavorable when the actual is more than the budgeted amount. It is neither favorable nor unfavorable when the actual equals the budgeted amount.
Variance analysis as a budgeting tool is used to evaluate the performance of management in managing costs, relative to the activity levels.
In Jones Manufacturing, actual and budgeted costs are calculated as follows:
Actual costs:
Fixed overhead = $8,000
Variable overhead = $4,600
Total = $12,600
Budget costs:
Fixed overhead = $10,000 (2,000 hours x $5)
Variable overhead = $4,600
Total = $14,600
Variance = budgeted overhead minus actual overhead
= $14,600 - $12,600 = $2,000U
Answer:
4) when resources are scarce, people face tradeoffs
Explanation:
All resources are scarce, but some are more scarce than others. For example, the day of the richest or poorest person in the world last exactly the same, 24 hours. You cannot buy more time per day. Even the richest person in the world has a limited amount of money, he/she cannot own all the money in the world. Some countries are rich in natural resources, but do not have capital. This leads to the concept of opportunity costs, which are the benefits lost or extra costs associated with choosing one alternative action or investment over another one. If Ken buys the new pair of sneakers, his opportunity cost is the pair of designer pants.