Do you mean, when you're learning a foreign langauge, what helps to understand what people are saying?
I would say two things help a lot:
1) body language (gestures, pointing, facial expressions)
2) the context ( if you know what you're talking about, you might guess what people mean).
There are roughly 6,500 spoken languages in the world today. However, about 2,000 of those languages have fewer than 1,000 speakers. The most popular language in the world is Mandarin Chinese. There are 1,213,000,000 people in the world that speak that language.
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