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yuradex [85]
3 years ago
6

Simplify (1+cos(x/2)-sin(x/2))/(1-cos(x/2)-sin(x/2))

Mathematics
1 answer:
Reptile [31]3 years ago
7 0

Recall the double angle identities:

cos(<em>x</em>/2) = cos(<em>x</em>/4 + <em>x</em>/4) = cos²(<em>x</em>/4) - sin²(<em>x</em>/4)

sin(<em>x</em>/2) = sin(<em>x</em>/4 + <em>x</em>/4) = 2 sin(<em>x</em>/4) cos(<em>x</em>/4)

So

(1 + cos(<em>x</em>/2) - sin(<em>x</em>/2)) / (1 - cos(<em>x</em>/2) - sin(<em>x</em>/2))

= (1 + cos²(<em>x</em>/4) - sin²(<em>x</em>/4) - 2 sin(<em>x</em>/4) cos(<em>x</em>/4)) / (1 - cos²(<em>x</em>/4) + sin²(<em>x</em>/4) - 2 sin(<em>x</em>/4) cos(<em>x</em>/4))

sin²(<em>x</em>) + cos²(<em>x</em>) = 1, so

(1 + cos(<em>x</em>/2) - sin(<em>x</em>/2)) / (1 - cos(<em>x</em>/2) - sin(<em>x</em>/2))

= (2 cos²(<em>x</em>/4) - 2 sin(<em>x</em>/4) cos(<em>x</em>/4)) / (2 sin²(<em>x</em>/4) - 2 sin(<em>x</em>/4) cos(<em>x</em>/4))

= (cos(<em>x</em>/4) / sin(<em>x</em>/4)) • (2 cos(<em>x</em>/4) - 2 sin(<em>x</em>/4)) / (2 sin(<em>x</em>/4) - 2 cos(<em>x</em>/4))

=  (cos(<em>x</em>/4) / sin(<em>x</em>/4)) • (-1)

= - cot(<em>x</em>/4)

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