Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes
Answer:
variable expressivity; incomplete penetrance
Explanation:
In genetics, variable expressivity refers to the fact that individuals having the same alleles/genes/genotype associated with a particular genetic condition may exhibit different clinical features of this condition. In general, variable expressivity is due to the combination of both genetic and environmental factors. An example of variable expressivity is the Marfan syndrome, where all individuals with this disorder have a dominant mutation in the FBN1 (fibrillin 1) gene and show different degrees of the same phenotype. Moreover, incomplete penetrance (also known as reduced penetrance) refers to the complete absence of a genetic trait or disease in individuals having alleles/genes/genotype associated with the condition. In consequence, individuals with incomplete penetrance do not develop features of the disease. An example of incomplete penetrance is given by those individuals with mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2 genes (associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer) that do not develop cancer.
The human vertebral column is also referred to as the <u><em>spine or spinal column.</em></u>
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The<u> body / spinous process </u>of a typical vertebra forms the rounded, central portion that faces anteriorly in the human vertebral column.
- The <em>human vertebral column</em> is made of up a group or collection of bones called the<u><em> vertebrae</em></u>.
- In humans, we have a total of <u><em>33 vertebrae. </em></u>
- In <u>males </u>humans, the vertebrae are said to be <u>71 cm long</u> while in <u>females</u> it is <u>61 cm long</u>.
Therefore, the<u> body / spinous process </u>of a typical vertebra forms the rounded, central portion that faces anteriorly in the human vertebral column.
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The correct answer is : Non-native species is the example that affects biodiversity.
These species can be an agent of unacceptable economic, biological or social aftermath.
However, these species still provides in the regional biodiversity like biotic interactions and species richness and ecosystem services.