Calvin's idea is that the "elect" are those that are predestined for heaven, that who will go to heaven and hell is predetermined by God. This meant for a more liberal place in society, because what you actually did in life and what others did, didn't matter as much, you couldn't change your fate.
The answer is B. I think.
C. Women were expected to be educated and fit.
The North Koreans almost defeat South Korea, by forcing them onto the Pusan Perimeter.