The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although you forgot to include the options of the question, we can answer the following.
The Pendleton Civil Service Act provided a disconnection from "grafting" by awarding government jobs through Patronage to political bosses.
Before the enactment of the Pendleton Civil Service Act, many jobs in the government were granted to political campaign supporters, party members, or friends of the winning candidate.
So US President Chester A. Arthur signed the act into law on January 16. 1883. From then on, the act required that all positions opened in the federal government should be to the people that nad the best professional merits, capacity, and experience. Not like before, due to political patronage, to friends or supporters.
