During the full moon and new moon.
<span>Male adaptations to sperm competition include relatively large testes, large sperm stores and long spermatozoa, mate guarding and frequent pair copulations. Females show no obvious morphological adaptations to sperm competition but, by controlling whether copulations are successful, they probably determine its frequency and extent. Despite this, the evolutionary benefits females acquire from extra-pair fertilizations are poorly understood.</span>
1 kg, 0.1 kg. According to the energy pyramid, only 10 % of energy can be transferred from one trophic level to another. 90% of the energy is lost through heat, respiratory or metabolic. This is why the energy pyramid tapers as you go up the food web.
1) Producing more offspring at a time
2)Reproducing more often
3)Reproducing earlier in life
