Three roles of the DNA molecule in heritage are in storage, copying and transmitting genes.
A-DNA: It is a right-handed double helix similar to the B-DNA form. ...
B-DNA: This is the most common DNA conformation and is a right-handed helix. ...
Z-DNA: Z-DNA is a left-handed DNA where the double helix winds to the left in a zig-zag pattern.
Answer:
P = f(TLTL) = 0,16
H = f(TLTS) = 0,48
Q = f(TSTS) = 0,36
Explanation:
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The allele proportion of any locus defines the genetic constitution of a population. Its sum is 1 and its values can vary between 0 (absent allele) and 1 (fixed allele).
The calculation of allelic frequencies of a population is made taking into account that homozygotes have two identical alleles and heterozygotes have two different alleles.
In this case, let's say:
f(TL) = p
f(TS) = q
p + q = 1
Considering the genotypes TLTL, TLTS, TSTS, and the allele frequencies:
TL= 0,4
TS= 0,6
Genotypic frequency is the relative proportion of genotypes in a population for the locus in question, that is, the number of times the genotype appears in a population.
P = f(TLTL)
H = f(TLTS)
Q = f(TSTS)
Also P + H + Q = 1
And using the equation for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the genotypic frequencies of equilibrium are given by the development of the binomial:
So, if the population is in balance:
Replacing the given values of allele frecuencies in each equiation you can calculate the expected frequency of each genotype for the next generation as:
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Answer:
Explanation:
Cellular respiration generally involves breaking down of large organic molecules to release ATP (energy). Citric Acid cycle, also known as Kreb's cycle or Tricarboxylic acid cycle is the second stage of the cellular respiration (unique to aerobic organisms). Citric acid cycle occurs in the intracellular space or matrix of the mitochondria of eukaryotes.
Glycolysis, which is the first step of cellular respiration, produces pyruvate which is then converted to Acetyl CoA in order to enter the Kreb's cycle by first combining with oxaloacetate. Generally, citric acid cycle involves an eight-steps reaction consisting of series of reduction-oxidation, hydration, dehydration, decarboxylation reactions, with each step catalyzed by different enzymes.
In a nutshell, oxaloacetate is generated back at the completion of the cycle alongside 2 molecules of CO2, one GTP/ATP molecule and electron donors; NADH2 and FADH2. These reduced electron donors enter the third step of aerobic cellular respiration and act as the first electron donor in the Electron transport chain.
To measure the diameter of a organelle with a scale line of 1 µm.
- Measure the length of the scale line on the micrograph in mm, e.g. 1 µm = 17mm.
- Measure the diameter of the organelle in millimetres, e.g. = 60mm.
- True diameter of organelle.
<h3>How do you find the actual size of an organelle?</h3>
To calculate the actual size of a magnified specimen, the equation is simply Mixed6 :
Actual = Image size (with ruler) ÷ Magnification.
Thus, this is how we can measure the size of an organelle.
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Answer:
1.To prepare compost, either a plastic or a concrete tank can be used. The size of the tank depends upon the availability of raw materials.
Collect the biomass and place it under the sun for about 8-12 days. Now chop it to the required size using the cutter.Prepare a cow dung slurry and sprinkle it on the heap for quick decomposition.Add a layer (2 – 3 inch) of soil or sand at the bottom of the tank.Now prepare fine bedding by adding partially decomposed cow dung, dried leaves and other biodegradable wastes collected from fields and kitchen. Distribute them evenly on the sand layer.Continue adding both the chopped bio-waste and partially decomposed cow dung layer-wise into the tank up to a depth of 0.5-1.0 ft.After adding all the bio-wastes, release the earthworm species over the mixture and cover the compost mixture with dry straw or gunny bags.Sprinkle water on a regular basis to maintain the moisture content of the compost.Cover the tank with a thatch roof to prevent the entry of ants, lizards, mouse, snakes, etc. and protect the compost from rainwater and direct sunshine.Have a frequent check to avoid the compost from overheating. Maintain proper moisture and temperature.
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