The second one man. I believe that's the answere
Civilizations connected through trade first via trading tools with other nearby communities then it evolved into trading more goods such as foods crops and weapons. Then with boats this allowed technology and customs to travel for example Egyptian sculptures influencing Greek art work and the silk road. This helped humanity since a example of isolation was japan until the Miji Restoration. Humanity needs trade in order to communicate and get things they cannot make in their region of the world.
The job of the Bureau was to help former slaves change into everyday people. They helped over 4 Million people transition. This is when the phrase, "<span>FORTY ACRES AND A MULE</span>" came into play.
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However, Ancient Rome was to develop its own form of government that allowed the Romans to govern themselves. Citizens of Rome would gather at an assembly to elect their own officials.