Answer: B. the spread of slavery into the West.
Explanation:
It was an established fact in the years leading up to the Civil War that the South was pro-slavery and the North was Anti-slavery and so both sides had arguments about the spread of slavery into the western territories as those territories gained statehood.
The South wanted slavery to spread into the territories so that they would have more states which would give slavery more representation in Congress and therefore keep the practice going. The North wanted the territories to be free for the same reason.
Negative Effects :
-A widening gap emerged between the Bourgeoisie and the working class
-The pollution of the environment worsened, including urban environments where the majority of the population lived
-Water in canals, which people used, was contaminated
-Cities were overcrowded
-Sanitary conditions were poor because they were unadapted to the massive rural exodus
Hope this helps,
Davinia.
The correct option is option D. A location among Indian coast trade routes, this since Kilwa and Mombasa were commercial cities, they had access to a big and prosperous market. They arose along the East African coast.