Thurgood Marshall argued that providing separate facilities for black and white citizens was inherently unequal. His argument was based around the idea that the separate facilities were not equal and that their was a social stigma around the all black facilities in the US that made it seem as if blacks were inferior.
The Supreme Court case ruled in favor of Brown and Marshall, and stated that “separate but equal” is unconstitutional. This essentially ended segregated schools for blacks and whites.
Even though this was supposed to be a step towards equality, blacks were still treated unequal in American society and still discriminated against. States have went as far as stopping black students from entering previously all white schools right after the Brown case was decided.
Answer:
The progressive era is the name given to a period in the history of the United States from 1890 to 1920, although it is sometimes more restrictively associated with the years of the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909).
It was an era in partial break with the laissez-faire and individualism of the previous period, characterized by economic, political, social and moral reforms in response to the changes and problems induced by the industrial revolution: disappearance of an organized social life around small communities, instability resulting from the anarchist development of industry, commerce, business, large cities, agriculture, massive immigration from southern and eastern Europe, escalation of violent social conflicts, upheavals caused by technological progress.
Some key reforms such as guaranteeing the right to vote for women date back to this period, but the era of progress has not benefited all US residents equally, including minorities, and reforms have not always had expected beneficial effects. Some policies, such as prohibition, were a resounding failure.
I would say 'civilian efforts to aid the war effort...' as farm production would primarily go to the military leading in food shortages elsewhere. Growing food at home will lessen shortages for that family, and allow them to trade or sell the excess.
