The first option is correct
The public education movement emphasized that civil responsibility and morality needed to be taught in order to have an effective democracy.
Horace Mann, who started the common school movement in Massachusetts, believed that universal public education was the best way to turn the nation's children into judicious republican citizens.
Answer: Please refer to:
primary sources:
- Congressional Record, Daily Digest of Senate
Committee Meetings
- the ship’s logbook of explorer Vasco da Gama,
1497
- the autobiography My Early Life by Winston
- The Letters of John and Abigail Adams, Penguin
Classics, 2003
secondary sources:
-The American Senate: An Insider’s History by
Neil McNeil and Richard A. Baker
- the PBS documentary John and Abigail
-Churchill The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill by
William Manchester and Paul Reid
-an article about the age of exploration in
Smithsonian magazine
Explanation:
Not sure but hope it helps.